By Eamonn Ryan, from the webcast
The CSIR study, led by Dr Tommy Ryan-Keogh, reveals that climate models have underestimated the decline, threatening global ecosystems and food security. This is Part 5 of a five-part series on the urgent need for better climate models to secure global ecosystems and food security.

The role of policy makers, scientists and the public in mitigation efforts
Responding to questions from attendees, Dr Ryan-Keogh emphasised the importance of effective communication in driving climate action. He pointed out that while policymakers may be receiving mixed signals from climate models, it is critical for scientists to clearly communicate the most likely scenario: significant declines in ocean productivity if immediate action is not taken. He urged that the public’s engagement, alongside policy efforts to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and transition to renewable energy, is crucial in addressing the climate crisis.
Funding and climate action for the Global South
A poignant question from attendees raised concerns about the feasibility of transitioning away from fossil fuels in Africa and the Global South without sufficient funding. Dr Ryan-Keogh acknowledged the challenge, noting that many developing nations will be disproportionately affected by climate change, while the Global North must take responsibility for providing funding for mitigation and adaptation efforts. If sufficient support is not provided, the Global South may need to explore alternative funding mechanisms to address the urgent threats posed by climate change.
Looking forward: Immediate action is crucial
Dr Ryan-Keogh concluded by reinforcing that the best time to act was yesterday, and the next best time is now. The research calls for urgent global action to mitigate climate change and preserve ocean ecosystems for future generations. It is not just an environmental issue but one of food security, human health, and economic stability, especially for nations whose livelihoods depend on marine resources.
The study serves as a wake-up call for policymakers, scientists, and the global public to recognise the critical role oceans play in maintaining a stable climate and to take immediate steps to prevent further degradation of marine ecosystems. By reducing CO2 emissions and improving climate models, there is still hope for protecting these essential ecosystems and ensuring a sustainable future.