Edited by Eamonn Ryan
The following presentation (in his own words) was delivered at the 2024 Cold Chain Refrigeration, Logistics and Technology Summit in Cape Town, by Eckart Zollner, business development, Ikhaya Automation Systems on the topic ‘Net zero cold chain management. This is Part 2 of a three-part series.
“In South Africa, we face particular challenges due to our heavy reliance on coal-fired power stations, which supply about 80% of our energy needs. This reliance contributes significantly to our carbon footprint from cold chain operations. Unfortunately, our current energy mix places us at a disadvantage in terms of carbon emissions.
“To address these emissions, we have two main strategies: improving technology and refining processes. Different technologies have varying emission factors, and process improvements can enhance automation and efficiency. However, we must be cautious. Electrifying vehicles, for example, is commendable, but if the electricity comes from coal-fired plants, it merely shifts emissions from vehicles to power generation.
“Considering alternative fuel types like liquid nitrogen or energy-efficient gases can significantly reduce emissions compared to traditional fossil fuels. Modern refrigeration technologies, such as those based on ammonia or carbon dioxide, offer lower carbon footprints compared to older refrigerants like freon, which are more harmful to the environment,” says Zollner.
“Measurement is crucial to improvement. Without comprehensive end-to-end measurement capabilities, effective management and control of emissions are impossible. Real-time monitoring and control systems are essential for identifying inefficiencies and implementing corrective measures promptly. This ensures that improvements in carbon emissions management are measurable and impactful across the entire cold chain.
“Temperature management is paramount in preserving product quality and minimising energy waste. Maintaining temperatures within optimal ranges (typically 2 to 8 degrees Celsius for pharmaceuticals) avoids unnecessary energy consumption and associated emissions. Real-time monitoring allows for precise adjustment and optimisation of cooling processes.